Git Commands

Initialize a New Git Repository:

To start tracking changes in a project, navigate to the project's root directory and run:
```
 git init
```
Clone a Repository: To make a copy of an existing Git repository from a remote location (e.g., GitHub), use:
```
 git clone <repository_url>
```

Configure Git: Set your name and email address, which are used to identify your commits:

 git config --global user.name "Your Name"
 git config --global user.email "youremail@example.com"

Check the Status of Your Repository: To see the current status of your repository and understand which files have been modified and staged, use:

 git status

Output:

 On branch main
 Your branch is up to date with 'origin/main'.

 Changes not staged for commit:
 (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
 (use "git restore <file>..." to discard changes in the working directory)
 modified:   file1.txt
 modified:   file2.txt

 Untracked files:
 (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
 newfile.txt

 no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")

Add Changes to the Staging Area: Stage changes for commit using:
```
 git add <file1> <file2> ...
```
To stage all changes, use:
```
 git add .
```
Commit Changes: The git commit command in Git is used to create a new commit in your Git repository. It records changes, creates a unique identifier, saves a commit message, and more. Use it as follows:
```
 git commit -m "Your commit message here"
```
The -m stands for "message," and you follow it with a meaningful commit message enclosed in double quotes.
View Commit History: View a list of commits in the repository:
```
 git log
```
Create a Branch: To create a new branch for working on a feature or bug fix, use:
```
 git branch <branch_name>
```
Switch Branches: Change to a different branch using:
```
 git checkout <branch_name>
```
List All Branches: List all local branches:
```
git branch
```
To see remote branches:
```
git branch -r
```
To see all local and remote branches:
```
git branch -a
```
To create and move to a new branch:
```
git checkout -b my-branch-name
```
Merge Branches: Merge changes from one branch into another:
```
git checkout <target_branch>
git merge <source_branch>
```
Pull Changes from a Remote Repository: To fetch the latest changes from a remote repository and merge them into the current branch, use:
```
git pull <remote> <branch>
```
Push Changes to a Remote Repository: Push your local changes to a remote repository:
```
git push origin <branch_name>
```
Create Tags: Create annotated (version) tags for specific commits:
```
git tag -a v1.0 -m "Version 1.0"
```
Git Restore: Use "git restore --staged ..." to discard changes in the working directory. Suggests using git restore to discard changes in specific files in the working directory.
Git Stash: The git stash command is used to temporarily save and set aside uncommitted changes in your working directory. Here are common stash commands:

Stash Changes:
```
  git stash
```
List Stashes:
```
  git stash list
```
Apply a Stash:
```
  git stash apply
```
Apply and Remove a Stash:
```
  git stash pop
```
Apply a Specific Stash:
```
  git stash apply stash@{1}
```
Drop a Stash:
```
  git stash drop stash@{1}
```
Clear All Stashes:
```
  git stash clear
```

Save Stash with a Description:

  git stash save "Description of the stash"

Create a New Branch from a Stash:

  git stash branch new-branch-name stash@{1}

Git Remote Add: The git remote add command is used to establish a connection between your local Git repository and a remote repository. Use it as follows:
```
 git remote add origin <remote_repository_url>
```
Git Push: The git push command is used to upload your local branch's commits and changes to a remote repository. Use it like this:
```
 git push <remote> <branch>
```

For example:

git push origin main

Extra: Git has many more features and commands, so refer to the official Git documentation or use git --help for more information on specific commands.